[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.acnc.cz\/veda-a-vedomi\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.acnc.cz\/veda-a-vedomi\/","headline":"V\u011bda a v\u011bdom\u00ed","name":"V\u011bda a v\u011bdom\u00ed","description":"Za s\u00eddlo du\u0161e, \u010di v\u011bdom\u00ed lid\u00e9 pova\u017eovali r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u010dasti t\u011bla, \u010dasto srdce, n\u011bkdy b\u0159icho, hlavu sp\u00ed\u0161e m\u00e9n\u011b. U\u017e od starov\u011bku[...]","datePublished":"2019-11-08","dateModified":"2023-05-15","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.acnc.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.acnc.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/087c2e57f451bc02fa8017914855d7c40cf6c7d5dc1637b868e007adc26322d1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/087c2e57f451bc02fa8017914855d7c40cf6c7d5dc1637b868e007adc26322d1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"acnc.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.acnc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a359266_w3550_t1573318250.png","url":"https:\/\/www.acnc.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a359266_w3550_t1573318250.png","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.acnc.cz\/veda-a-vedomi\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":660,"articleBody":"Za s\u00eddlo du\u0161e, \u010di v\u011bdom\u00ed lid\u00e9 pova\u017eovali r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u010dasti t\u011bla, \u010dasto srdce, n\u011bkdy b\u0159icho, hlavu sp\u00ed\u0161e m\u00e9n\u011b. U\u017e od starov\u011bku spolu soupe\u0159\u00ed dva n\u00e1zory, nebo snad sp\u00ed\u0161e pojet\u00ed sv\u011bta, Monistick\u00fd a Dualistick\u00fd. Monistick\u00fd princip p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee v\u011bdom\u00ed nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem od hmoty odd\u011bleno, je prost\u011b jedn\u00edm z jej\u00edch projev\u016f, tak jako oko vid\u00ed, ucho sly\u0161\u00ed, mozek p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed. Dualistick\u00fd princip naopak p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u017ee existuj\u00ed dva sv\u011bty – duchovn\u00ed a hmotn\u00fd, kter\u00e9 jsou od sebe jasn\u011b odd\u011blen\u00e9. Asi v\u0161echna sv\u011btov\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, snad s v\u00fdjimkou n\u011bjak\u00fdch minoritn\u00edch n\u00e1zorov\u00fdch proud\u016f se pochopiteln\u011b p\u0159ikl\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed k dualismu.V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se neuro-v\u011bdci ani tak nesna\u017e\u00ed vytvo\u0159it n\u011bjakou novou teorii v\u011bdom\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e, v duchu monismu p\u0159esn\u011bji naj\u00edt a popsat s\u00eddlo v\u011bdom\u00ed, v\u0161ichni se dnes u\u017e shodnou na tom, \u017ee s\u00eddlem v\u011bdom\u00ed je mozek, ale to nesta\u010d\u00ed, je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee pacienti p\u0159i \u00farazu, nebo mrtvici mohou o \u010d\u00e1st mozku p\u0159ij\u00edt a na jejich v\u011bdom\u00ed se to nijak znateln\u011b neprojev\u00ed, anebo naopak okam\u017eit\u011b upadnou do k\u00f3matu nebo zem\u0159ou, jak to tedy je? C\u00edlem v\u00fdzkumu je zjistit ve kter\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti mozku v\u011bdom\u00ed s\u00eddl\u00ed a jak\u00e9 procesy ho vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed. Jde o honbu za tzv. neuron\u00e1ln\u00edm korel\u00e1tem v\u011bdom\u00ed. Jako s\u00eddlo v\u011bdom\u00ed byly postupn\u011b vylou\u010deny, m\u00edcha, moze\u010dek a kupodivu i \u010deln\u00ed laloky, naopak takzvan\u00e1 zadn\u00ed hork\u00e1 z\u00f3na tedy zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st mozkov\u00e9 k\u016fry se v tomto ohledu jev\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b slibn\u011b. V\u011bdci krom\u011b pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1sledk\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00faraz\u016f nebo chirurgick\u00fdch z\u00e1krok\u016f mohou experimentovat pomoc\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 aktivity mozku EEG, nebo naopak r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti mozku velmi slab\u00fdmi elektrick\u00fdmi impulzy dr\u00e1\u017edit. Zat\u00edmco dr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed \u010deln\u00edho laloku nem\u011blo na pro\u017eitky subjektu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vliv dr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed zadn\u00ed hork\u00e9 z\u00f3ny naopak vyvolalo pocity pohybu, barevnosti a dal\u0161\u00ed. Operativn\u00ed odstran\u011bn\u00ed i jen mal\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti zadn\u00ed hork\u00e9 z\u00f3ny pak vedlo ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b schopnosti vn\u00edmat barvy prostor, nebo t\u0159eba rozpozn\u00e1vat tv\u00e1\u0159e. D\u016fvodem pro\u010d tomu tak je, je z\u0159ejm\u011b stupe\u0148 propojenosti a slo\u017eitosti zp\u011btnovazebn\u00fdch okruh\u016f v dan\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti mozku.\t Tolik tedy k modern\u00edmu v\u00fdzkumu a p\u0159ejd\u011bme zase k tro\u0161e filozofie. Mnoho lid\u00ed se bude nejsp\u00ed\u0161e pt\u00e1t, jak je v\u016fbec mo\u017en\u00e9, aby kus \u0161ediv\u00e9ho zvr\u00e1sn\u011bn\u00e9ho masa v lebce a barevn\u00fd pro\u017eitek \u010dlov\u011bka v poli slune\u010dnic m\u011bly spolu v\u016fbec n\u011bco spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Bezduch\u00e1 hmota p\u0159ece m\u016f\u017ee vyprodukovat zase jen bezduchou hmotu, tak kde se ty barvy a pocity berou, kdy\u017e ne z n\u011bjak\u00e9ho vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho zdroje. A te\u010f si uv\u011bdomme z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozpor mezi dv\u011bma v\u011bcmi, t\u00edm, jak se v\u011bci jev\u00ed, a t\u00edm jak\u00e9 jsou. Kdy\u017e si vezmete do ruky cihlu vid\u00edte, \u017ee je \u010derven\u00e1, c\u00edt\u00edte jej\u00ed v\u00e1hu, vn\u00edm\u00e1te teplotu, ale c\u00edt\u00edte snad jej\u00ed krystalovou strukturu? vn\u00edm\u00e1te jej\u00ed existenci se v\u0161\u00edm v\u0161udy, takovou, jak\u00e1 opravdu je? Troufnu si \u0159\u00edct \u017ee t\u011b\u017eko, abyste toho byli schopni museli byste se st\u00e1t cihlou. To, co vid\u00edte a c\u00edt\u00edte je model cihly kter\u00fd, na z\u00e1klad\u011b dostupn\u00fdch smyslov\u00fdch dat vytvo\u0159il v\u00e1\u0161 mozek, p\u0159esn\u011bji ta \u010d\u00e1st, kter\u00e1 generuje v\u011bdom\u00ed. Kus \u0161ediv\u00e9 hmoty to je model mozku, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159\u00ed jin\u00fd mozek, nikoli skute\u010dnost takov\u00e1, jak\u00e1 je.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.2\/5 - (10 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"V\u011bda a v\u011bdom\u00ed","item":"https:\/\/www.acnc.cz\/veda-a-vedomi\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]